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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Available Languages: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../en/rewrite/vhosts.html&quot; title=&quot;English&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt; |
&lt;a href=&quot;../fr/rewrite/vhosts.html&quot; hreflang=&quot;fr&quot; rel=&quot;alternate&quot; title=&quot;Français&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;fr&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;This document supplements the &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;reference documentation&lt;/a&gt;. It describes
how you can use &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to create dynamically
configured virtual hosts.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;warning&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite is not the best way to configure
virtual hosts. You should first consider the &lt;a href=&quot;../vhosts/mass.html&quot;&gt;alternatives&lt;/a&gt; before resorting to
mod_rewrite. See also the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;avoid.html#vhosts&quot;&gt;how to avoid
mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt; document.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;quickview&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html&quot; class=&quot;badge&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png&quot; alt=&quot;Support Apache!&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul id=&quot;toc&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;../images/down.gif&quot; /&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;#per-hostname&quot;&gt;Virtual Hosts For Arbitrary Hostnames&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;../images/down.gif&quot; /&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;#simple.rewrite&quot;&gt;Dynamic
    Virtual Hosts Using &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;../images/down.gif&quot; /&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;#xtra-conf&quot;&gt;Using a Separate Virtual Host Configuration File&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h3&gt;See also&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;seealso&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;Module documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;intro.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite introduction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;remapping.html&quot;&gt;Redirection and remapping&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;access.html&quot;&gt;Controlling access&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;proxy.html&quot;&gt;Proxying&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;rewritemap.html&quot;&gt;RewriteMap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;advanced.html&quot;&gt;Advanced techniques&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;avoid.html&quot;&gt;When not to use mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#comments_section&quot;&gt;Comments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#page-header&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;top&quot; src=&quot;../images/up.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;per-hostname&quot; id=&quot;per-hostname&quot;&gt;Virtual Hosts For Arbitrary Hostnames&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

  

  &lt;dl&gt;
    &lt;dt&gt;Description:&lt;/dt&gt;

    &lt;dd&gt;
    &lt;p&gt;We want to automatically create a virtual host for every hostname
    which resolves in our domain, without having to create
    new VirtualHost sections.&lt;/p&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;In this recipe, we assume that we&#039;ll be using the hostname
    &lt;code&gt;www.&lt;strong&gt;SITE&lt;/strong&gt;.example.com&lt;/code&gt; for each
    user, and serve their content out of
    &lt;code&gt;/home/&lt;strong&gt;SITE&lt;/strong&gt;/www&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;/dd&gt;

    &lt;dt&gt;Solution:&lt;/dt&gt;

    &lt;dd&gt;

&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint lang-config&quot;&gt;RewriteEngine on

RewriteMap    lowercase int:tolower

RewriteCond   &quot;${lowercase:%{&lt;strong&gt;HTTP_HOST&lt;/strong&gt;}}&quot;   &quot;^www\.&lt;strong&gt;([^.]+)&lt;/strong&gt;\.example\.com$&quot;
RewriteRule   &quot;^(.*)&quot; &quot;/home/&lt;strong&gt;%1&lt;/strong&gt;/www$1&quot;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/dd&gt;

&lt;dt&gt;Discussion&lt;/dt&gt;
    &lt;dd&gt;

    &lt;div class=&quot;warning&quot;&gt;You will need to take care of the DNS
    resolution - Apache does
    not handle name resolution. You&#039;ll need either to create CNAME
    records for each hostname, or a DNS wildcard record. Creating DNS
    records is beyond the scope of this document.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The internal &lt;code&gt;tolower&lt;/code&gt; RewriteMap directive is used to
ensure that the hostnames being used are all lowercase, so that there is
no ambiguity in the directory structure which must be created.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Parentheses used in a &lt;code class=&quot;directive&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond&quot;&gt;RewriteCond&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are captured into the
backreferences &lt;code&gt;%1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;%2&lt;/code&gt;, etc, while parentheses
used in &lt;code class=&quot;directive&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule&quot;&gt;RewriteRule&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are
captured into the backreferences &lt;code&gt;$1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;$2&lt;/code&gt;,
etc.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
As with many techniques discussed in this document, mod_rewrite really
isn&#039;t the best way to accomplish this task. You should, instead,
consider using &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_vhost_alias.html&quot;&gt;mod_vhost_alias&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead, as it will much
more gracefully handle anything beyond serving static files, such as any
dynamic content, and Alias resolution.
&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;/dd&gt;
  &lt;/dl&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#page-header&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;top&quot; src=&quot;../images/up.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;simple.rewrite&quot; id=&quot;simple.rewrite&quot;&gt;Dynamic
    Virtual Hosts Using &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;This extract from &lt;code&gt;httpd.conf&lt;/code&gt; does the same
    thing as &lt;a href=&quot;#per-hostname&quot;&gt;the first example&lt;/a&gt;. The first
    half is very similar to the corresponding part above, except for
    some changes, required for backward compatibility and to make the
    &lt;code&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/code&gt; part work properly; the second half
    configures &lt;code&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/code&gt; to do the actual work.&lt;/p&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;Because &lt;code&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/code&gt; runs before other URI translation
    modules (e.g., &lt;code&gt;mod_alias&lt;/code&gt;), &lt;code&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/code&gt; must
    be told to explicitly ignore any URLs that would have been handled
    by those modules. And, because these rules would otherwise bypass
    any &lt;code&gt;ScriptAlias&lt;/code&gt; directives, we must have
    &lt;code&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/code&gt; explicitly enact those mappings.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint lang-config&quot;&gt;# get the server name from the Host: header
UseCanonicalName Off

# splittable logs
LogFormat &quot;%{Host}i %h %l %u %t \&quot;%r\&quot; %s %b&quot; vcommon
CustomLog &quot;logs/access_log&quot; vcommon

&amp;lt;Directory &quot;/www/hosts&quot;&amp;gt;
    # ExecCGI is needed here because we can&#039;t force
    # CGI execution in the way that ScriptAlias does
    Options FollowSymLinks ExecCGI
&amp;lt;/Directory&amp;gt;

RewriteEngine On

# a ServerName derived from a Host: header may be any case at all
RewriteMap  lowercase  int:tolower

## deal with normal documents first:
# allow Alias &quot;/icons/&quot; to work - repeat for other aliases
RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;  &quot;!^/icons/&quot;
# allow CGIs to work
RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;  &quot;!^/cgi-bin/&quot;
# do the magic
RewriteRule  &quot;^/(.*)$&quot;  &quot;/www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/docs/$1&quot;

## and now deal with CGIs - we have to force a handler
RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;  &quot;^/cgi-bin/&quot;
RewriteRule  &quot;^/(.*)$&quot;  &quot;/www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1&quot;  [H=cgi-script]&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#page-header&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;top&quot; src=&quot;../images/up.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;xtra-conf&quot; id=&quot;xtra-conf&quot;&gt;Using a Separate Virtual Host Configuration File&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;This arrangement uses more advanced &lt;code class=&quot;module&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../mod/mod_rewrite.html&quot;&gt;mod_rewrite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
    features to work out the translation from virtual host to document
    root, from a separate configuration file. This provides more
    flexibility, but requires more complicated configuration.&lt;/p&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;vhost.map&lt;/code&gt; file should look something like
    this:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;example&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;
customer-1.example.com  /www/customers/1&lt;br /&gt;
customer-2.example.com  /www/customers/2&lt;br /&gt;
# ...&lt;br /&gt;
customer-N.example.com  /www/customers/N&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;httpd.conf&lt;/code&gt; should contain the following:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint lang-config&quot;&gt;RewriteEngine on

RewriteMap   lowercase  int:tolower

# define the map file
RewriteMap   vhost      &quot;txt:/www/conf/vhost.map&quot;

# deal with aliases as above
RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;               &quot;!^/icons/&quot;
RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;               &quot;!^/cgi-bin/&quot;
RewriteCond  &quot;${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}&quot;  &quot;^(.+)$&quot;
# this does the file-based remap
RewriteCond  &quot;${vhost:%1}&quot;                  &quot;^(/.*)$&quot;
RewriteRule  &quot;^/(.*)$&quot;                      &quot;%1/docs/$1&quot;

RewriteCond  &quot;%{REQUEST_URI}&quot;               &quot;^/cgi-bin/&quot;
RewriteCond  &quot;${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}&quot;  &quot;^(.+)$&quot;
RewriteCond  &quot;${vhost:%1}&quot;                  &quot;^(/.*)$&quot;
RewriteRule  &quot;^/cgi-bin/(.*)$&quot;                      &quot;%1/cgi-bin/$1&quot; [H=cgi-script]&lt;/pre&gt;


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