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/**
 * REST API: WP_REST_Settings_Controller class
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage REST_API
 * @since 4.7.0
 */

/**
 * Core class used to manage a site&#039;s settings via the REST API.
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 *
 * @see WP_REST_Controller
 */
class WP_REST_Settings_Controller extends WP_REST_Controller {

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 */
	public function __construct() {
		$this-&gt;namespace = &#039;wp/v2&#039;;
		$this-&gt;rest_base = &#039;settings&#039;;
	}

	/**
	 * Registers the routes for the site&#039;s settings.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @see register_rest_route()
	 */
	public function register_routes() {

		register_rest_route(
			$this-&gt;namespace,
			&#039;/&#039; . $this-&gt;rest_base,
			array(
				array(
					&#039;methods&#039;             =&gt; WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
					&#039;callback&#039;            =&gt; array( $this, &#039;get_item&#039; ),
					&#039;args&#039;                =&gt; array(),
					&#039;permission_callback&#039; =&gt; array( $this, &#039;get_item_permissions_check&#039; ),
				),
				array(
					&#039;methods&#039;             =&gt; WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
					&#039;callback&#039;            =&gt; array( $this, &#039;update_item&#039; ),
					&#039;args&#039;                =&gt; $this-&gt;get_endpoint_args_for_item_schema( WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE ),
					&#039;permission_callback&#039; =&gt; array( $this, &#039;get_item_permissions_check&#039; ),
				),
				&#039;schema&#039; =&gt; array( $this, &#039;get_public_item_schema&#039; ),
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to read and manage settings.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return bool True if the request has read access for the item, otherwise false.
	 */
	public function get_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		return current_user_can( &#039;manage_options&#039; );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the settings.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return array|WP_Error Array on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function get_item( $request ) {
		$options  = $this-&gt;get_registered_options();
		$response = array();

		foreach ( $options as $name =&gt; $args ) {
			/**
			 * Filters the value of a setting recognized by the REST API.
			 *
			 * Allow hijacking the setting value and overriding the built-in behavior by returning a
			 * non-null value.  The returned value will be presented as the setting value instead.
			 *
			 * @since 4.7.0
			 *
			 * @param mixed  $result Value to use for the requested setting. Can be a scalar
			 *                       matching the registered schema for the setting, or null to
			 *                       follow the default get_option() behavior.
			 * @param string $name   Setting name (as shown in REST API responses).
			 * @param array  $args   Arguments passed to register_setting() for this setting.
			 */
			$response[ $name ] = apply_filters( &#039;rest_pre_get_setting&#039;, null, $name, $args );

			if ( is_null( $response[ $name ] ) ) {
				// Default to a null value as &quot;null&quot; in the response means &quot;not set&quot;.
				$response[ $name ] = get_option( $args[&#039;option_name&#039;], $args[&#039;schema&#039;][&#039;default&#039;] );
			}

			/*
			 * Because get_option() is lossy, we have to
			 * cast values to the type they are registered with.
			 */
			$response[ $name ] = $this-&gt;prepare_value( $response[ $name ], $args[&#039;schema&#039;] );
		}

		return $response;
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares a value for output based off a schema array.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param mixed $value  Value to prepare.
	 * @param array $schema Schema to match.
	 * @return mixed The prepared value.
	 */
	protected function prepare_value( $value, $schema ) {
		/*
		 * If the value is not valid by the schema, set the value to null.
		 * Null values are specifically non-destructive, so this will not cause
		 * overwriting the current invalid value to null.
		 */
		if ( is_wp_error( rest_validate_value_from_schema( $value, $schema ) ) ) {
			return null;
		}

		return rest_sanitize_value_from_schema( $value, $schema );
	}

	/**
	 * Updates settings for the settings object.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return array|WP_Error Array on success, or error object on failure.
	 */
	public function update_item( $request ) {
		$options = $this-&gt;get_registered_options();

		$params = $request-&gt;get_params();

		foreach ( $options as $name =&gt; $args ) {
			if ( ! array_key_exists( $name, $params ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			/**
			 * Filters whether to preempt a setting value update via the REST API.
			 *
			 * Allows hijacking the setting update logic and overriding the built-in behavior by
			 * returning true.
			 *
			 * @since 4.7.0
			 *
			 * @param bool   $result Whether to override the default behavior for updating the
			 *                       value of a setting.
			 * @param string $name   Setting name (as shown in REST API responses).
			 * @param mixed  $value  Updated setting value.
			 * @param array  $args   Arguments passed to register_setting() for this setting.
			 */
			$updated = apply_filters( &#039;rest_pre_update_setting&#039;, false, $name, $request[ $name ], $args );

			if ( $updated ) {
				continue;
			}

			/*
			 * A null value for an option would have the same effect as
			 * deleting the option from the database, and relying on the
			 * default value.
			 */
			if ( is_null( $request[ $name ] ) ) {
				/*
				 * A null value is returned in the response for any option
				 * that has a non-scalar value.
				 *
				 * To protect clients from accidentally including the null
				 * values from a response object in a request, we do not allow
				 * options with values that don&#039;t pass validation to be updated to null.
				 * Without this added protection a client could mistakenly
				 * delete all options that have invalid values from the
				 * database.
				 */
				if ( is_wp_error( rest_validate_value_from_schema( get_option( $args[&#039;option_name&#039;], false ), $args[&#039;schema&#039;] ) ) ) {
					return new WP_Error(
						&#039;rest_invalid_stored_value&#039;,
						/* translators: %s: Property name. */
						sprintf( __( &#039;The %s property has an invalid stored value, and cannot be updated to null.&#039; ), $name ),
						array( &#039;status&#039; =&gt; 500 )
					);
				}

				delete_option( $args[&#039;option_name&#039;] );
			} else {
				update_option( $args[&#039;option_name&#039;], $request[ $name ] );
			}
		}

		return $this-&gt;get_item( $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves all of the registered options for the Settings API.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @return array Array of registered options.
	 */
	protected function get_registered_options() {
		$rest_options = array();

		foreach ( get_registered_settings() as $name =&gt; $args ) {
			if ( empty( $args[&#039;show_in_rest&#039;] ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			$rest_args = array();

			if ( is_array( $args[&#039;show_in_rest&#039;] ) ) {
				$rest_args = $args[&#039;show_in_rest&#039;];
			}

			$defaults = array(
				&#039;name&#039;   =&gt; ! empty( $rest_args[&#039;name&#039;] ) ? $rest_args[&#039;name&#039;] : $name,
				&#039;schema&#039; =&gt; array(),
			);

			$rest_args = array_merge( $defaults, $rest_args );

			$default_schema = array(
				&#039;type&#039;        =&gt; empty( $args[&#039;type&#039;] ) ? null : $args[&#039;type&#039;],
				&#039;title&#039;       =&gt; empty( $args[&#039;label&#039;] ) ? &#039;&#039; : $args[&#039;label&#039;],
				&#039;description&#039; =&gt; empty( $args[&#039;description&#039;] ) ? &#039;&#039; : $args[&#039;description&#039;],
				&#039;default&#039;     =&gt; $args[&#039;default&#039;] ?? null,
			);

			$rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;]      = array_merge( $default_schema, $rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;] );
			$rest_args[&#039;option_name&#039;] = $name;

			// Skip over settings that don&#039;t have a defined type in the schema.
			if ( empty( $rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;][&#039;type&#039;] ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			/*
			 * Allow the supported types for settings, as we don&#039;t want invalid types
			 * to be updated with arbitrary values that we can&#039;t do decent sanitizing for.
			 */
			if ( ! in_array( $rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;][&#039;type&#039;], array( &#039;number&#039;, &#039;integer&#039;, &#039;string&#039;, &#039;boolean&#039;, &#039;array&#039;, &#039;object&#039; ), true ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			$rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;] = rest_default_additional_properties_to_false( $rest_args[&#039;schema&#039;] );

			$rest_options[ $rest_args[&#039;name&#039;] ] = $rest_args;
		}

		return $rest_options;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the site setting schema, conforming to JSON Schema.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @return array Item schema data.
	 */
	public function get_item_schema() {
		if ( $this-&gt;schema ) {
			return $this-&gt;add_additional_fields_schema( $this-&gt;schema );
		}

		$options = $this-&gt;get_registered_options();

		$schema = array(
			&#039;$schema&#039;    =&gt; &#039;http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#&#039;,
			&#039;title&#039;      =&gt; &#039;settings&#039;,
			&#039;type&#039;       =&gt; &#039;object&#039;,
			&#039;properties&#039; =&gt; array(),
		);

		foreach ( $options as $option_name =&gt; $option ) {
			$schema[&#039;properties&#039;][ $option_name ]                = $option[&#039;schema&#039;];
			$schema[&#039;properties&#039;][ $option_name ][&#039;arg_options&#039;] = array(
				&#039;sanitize_callback&#039; =&gt; array( $this, &#039;sanitize_callback&#039; ),
			);
		}

		$this-&gt;schema = $schema;

		return $this-&gt;add_additional_fields_schema( $this-&gt;schema );
	}

	/**
	 * Custom sanitize callback used for all options to allow the use of &#039;null&#039;.
	 *
	 * By default, the schema of settings will throw an error if a value is set to
	 * `null` as it&#039;s not a valid value for something like &quot;type =&gt; string&quot;. We
	 * provide a wrapper sanitizer to allow the use of `null`.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param mixed           $value   The value for the setting.
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request The request object.
	 * @param string          $param   The parameter name.
	 * @return mixed|WP_Error
	 */
	public function sanitize_callback( $value, $request, $param ) {
		if ( is_null( $value ) ) {
			return $value;
		}

		return rest_parse_request_arg( $value, $request, $param );
	}

	/**
	 * Recursively add additionalProperties = false to all objects in a schema
	 * if no additionalProperties setting is specified.
	 *
	 * This is needed to restrict properties of objects in settings values to only
	 * registered items, as the REST API will allow additional properties by
	 * default.
	 *
	 * @since 4.9.0
	 * @deprecated 6.1.0 Use {@see rest_default_additional_properties_to_false()} instead.
	 *
	 * @param array $schema The schema array.
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function set_additional_properties_to_false( $schema ) {
		_deprecated_function( __METHOD__, &#039;6.1.0&#039;, &#039;rest_default_additional_properties_to_false()&#039; );

		return rest_default_additional_properties_to_false( $schema );
	}
}
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